_____________________________________________________________________ Posted by: S Ambrish sambrish@my-dejanews.com Posting Date: 1998/12/13 Subject: RJGK-48 results _____________________________________________________________________ FINALLY......... After the seemingly endless chain of events - reminders, entries, re-reminders, entries, deadline extension, PC crash, request for "re-entries", "re-entries", reminders for "re-entries", other re-entries - here are the overall comments, answers and results to RJGK 48, the quiz on Lesser Known and Less Frequently Heard Singers of Hindi cinema.The overall comments form the first post and the answers and results are included in the second post. Sincere thanks to all RMIMers who sent in entries, comments, and feedback. Thanks to the participants for re-sending their entries ungrudgingly after my PC crashed and deleted all the mails in my mailbox. Thanks to all of you for your patience and cooperation. The following is the list of entries - 1. Sanjeev and Armeen Ramabhadran - The winners of the Early Bird Award 2. Tabassum 3. Anil Hingorani 4. The A-HA team of Arunabha, Hema, and Amol 5. Snehal Oza (Non-Competitive) 6. Samiuddin Mohammed 7. Anand Tiwari (Non-Competitive) 8. Balaji and Malini 9. Vandana Venkatesan 10. Roopa, Saleem, and Sanju 11. Narendra P. Joshi 12. Surajit Bose (Non-Competitive) 13. Vijaykumar K(@hotmail.com) 14. Preeti Ranjan Panda 15. Prince Kohli and Neeraj Malhotra 16. Afzal Khan (Unfortunately, Anil Hingorani could not locate a copy of his entry and therefore could not re-send it. I was therefore not able to include his scores for the purposes of determining the winners. Also, I remembered Narendra Joshi's score from his initial entry even though I did not receive his "re-entry".) Sincere thanks for your entries and comments. In addition to the comments from the quiz participants, I also received very interesting and helpful feedback about the quiz from other RMIMers. Thanks to them too. This quiz, as you all know, was prepared and compiled in a very short period of time. It is therefore possible that it did not meet the expectations of some (or maybe many) of you. This may also explain the less than normal number of entries for an RJGK quiz. But then, I will not blame anybody. I would like to say that I had fun compiling the quiz and hope that all RMIMers, participants and others, had fun too. ========================================================================= AFZAL KHAN - I found this quiz quite tough, mainly due to the fact that, for an "old-timer" like Yours Truly, songs of a more recent vintage are not easy to recall. But the QM has really done a tremendous job in "unearthing" such songs. It is easy enough to think of and remember popular old songs but to "ferret out" the kind of songs that he has done here is really remarkable. To be sure, for the likes of me, he has included a few (but very few) easier clues too. It would be great even if I can correctly identify about 10 songs The QM must be complimented for putting together such a quiz. But, probably, his computer too thought it to be too tough ! Ambrish - Thanks for the very encouraging words Afzal. To make the quiz appealing to a wider audience of Hindi film music, I included songs from all the periods between the 40s and 90s. I do agree that "old-timers" may not find all the songs in this quiz appealing to them. The same can also be said for people who listen to more recent songs. Well, as they say, you give some and you take some. And yes, as reminded by Hema, I will remember to back-up from now on. Of course, then I must ensure that I have adequate disk-space, or else, who knows, there may be another crash. :-) =========================================================================== The A-HA team of ARUNABHA, HEMA, AMOL - Here is our entry. We have an outstanding score of 14 :) And we certainly expect some kind of a medal for our efforts. After all it's a matter of hard work. :)) if you don't give us a medal, we will create a big fuss on RMIM and make your life miserable, ha ha ha ha. :-)) Oh BTW, the quiz was difficult if you don't know yet. :) But then we quite understand that a quiz on a theme of unknown singers is bound to be difficult for us, since we don't have a Balaji or a Malini in our team.:)) But we are a great team anyway and are quite proud of it, A-HA. :)) Ambrish - You *ARE* a great team, no doubt, and your spirit is definitely worth emulating. And you are hereby awarded the EARLY BIRD AWARD for "re-entries". :-) HEMA - Some other voices were missed, viz. 1. ?? - yeh safar bahut hai kathin magar, 1942 etc. Ambrish - The singer was Shivaji Chattopadhyay (not very sure about the last name). 2. Babla Mehta, Chandni - tere mere hothon pe 3. Jolly Mukherjee - main aawara ik banjara, Sangeet 4. Hemanti Shukla - kaali ghodi dwar khadi, Chashm-e-baddoor ========================================================================== ANANT REGE - At first glance, I found it a bit more difficult than some other quizes. But in my case, probably that is because it has quite a few no. of newer songs. I got all the older ones easily. Somebody else may find those difficult. Anyway it is not fun to have all clues too easy, nor they should be very difficult to discourage people. I think it is a good mix. Overall, I think the clues are quite clear and cover a fair period from early 50's to late 90's. Since the quiz is dedicated to lesser known singers, I think you should have mention their names in ALL the songs. Otherwise it is consistent with the format of RJGK and hope everybody will have fun trying to solve it. Ambrish - Thanks for your feedback Anant. About mentioning the name of the lesser known singer for each song, I felt it may have made it a bit too easy. Excepting a couple of songs, I tried to focus on the singer in most of the questions. ========================================================================== ASHOK - Saw your quiz. Interesting theme. I was vaguely wondering about it; to follow up obscure MDs with obscure singers! Anyway, congratulations on having produced a quiz more difficult than RJGK-28. :) Seriously: thoughtfully done and hinted. One thing, though: The quiz might be criticized for being too much of a P-stats game rather than being song-oriented. I personally don't mind any sources that introduce me to songs I don't know. ....too many 70s and 80s songs. That does bring up one point. The role of "marginal" singers was different in the three eras defined by the "Lata/Asha/Rafi/KK" regime: before, during, and after. Your quiz spans all three eras. It might have been interesting to focus on any particular era (preferably from my point of view, the "during" era!). Ambrish - Thanks for the encouraging words. About the "more difficult than RJGK-28" part, I did not intend it to be so. But I guess, the theme did lead the quiz to be more difficult than a normal RJGK. And now that lesser known MDs and Singers have been covered in RJGKs, when can we expect a quiz on Lesser Known Lyricists? About focusing on the "during" era - Good point. But I personally feel that this may have resulted in the coverage of a smaller period in Hindi film music which may have led to an increased level of difficulty in the quiz. But you do make an interesting point. ======================================================================= BALAJI AND MALINI - Hope you have a wonderful response. Some singers you missed out, who could have been in the list Jagjit Kaur, Sabita Chowdhury, Nutan ('chhabiilii' under Snehal Bhatkar), Karan Dewan, Uma Devi (Tuntun) Ambrish - As mentioned in my introduction, the quiz definitely does not cover many lesser known or less frequently heard singers. With my own restriction of 25 songs, with no MD being repeated, I had to chop and drop some. I did think about including Nutan, but the novelty factor (Nutan having been discussed quite often on RMIM) made me go with the actress in question 13. I am not sure if Jagjit Kaur and Uma Devi can be included in a list of lesser known and less frequently heard voices in Hindi cinema. I think that they had a fairly decent output (in terms of quantity). ======================================================================= PREETI - I am sorry I couldn't make a sincere effort at solving this one because of lack of time (also because it was haaaard :-). ======================================================================== PRINCE KOHLI AND NEERAJ MALHOTRA - We missed some even though we can hum along with the words provided :-) Anyway, here it is. Also, the quiz itself was quite enjoyable. Maybe a bit on the hard side but not too much so. Ambrish - Thanks Prince and Neeraj, for your appreciation and for seconding my view that the quiz is not *that* difficult. ======================================================================= RAJESH MUNSHI - God, this is a quiz for the Gurus !! Ambrish - For Gurus *and* chelas alike, Rajesh !! =========================================================================== SAMI - IMHO, the quiz was very tough. ======================================================================== SNEHAL - (In his initial feedback) - From your introduction quiz looks good and theme is also interesting. Since I have my own likings, I would try to see those obscure names in it. Let's see how many do I find. But never mind, if none are there for it may still introduce me to some more obscure ones !! So it's fun either way. That's the beauty of the theme you have selected. I am sure this would happen to all; hence you deserve a big Congrats on selection of topic. And to present a quiz in hurry as filler with such promising subject is really commendable. Ambrish - Thanks Snehal, for understanding the effort behind the less-than-normal-time compilation. Appreciate your kind words. (From his entry) - The first part is almost blank as I don't keep pace with new & newer songs. Then as expected some songs are real obscure. But no complaints. Because if I were to do this quiz, there is no easy way that I see to lead to a not-so-tough quiz. Blame it on theme :) Anyway I am happy that you could include some songs that I like. I am sure others too would find their choices of obscure ones. ======================================================================== SURAJIT BOSE - (In his initial feedback) - The RJGK is fun. i'm intrigued by one thing. you see, i've been working on this RJGK with the theme "Trios, Quartets, and More" for a while now. One of the impulses behind that was to highlight lesser known singers. it's interesting that you've picked a few songs that i myself was thinking of including in that RJGK! "khushiyaa.N hii khushiyaa.N ho daaman me.n jisake" and "duniyaa me.n ham aaye hai.n to jiinaa hii pa.Degaa," for example. the quiz is really fun. the first few questions distressed me, coz i don't know anything about post-1970s songs, but i got into my comfort zone after the DHOLAK song by sulochana kadam.... Ambrish - Thanks for the kind words, Surajit. And thanks for the hints about your up-coming RJGK too. All RMIMers, take note !! ======================================================================= VANDANA VENKATESAN - On second thoughts (with ref. to my first mail to you) I do not think the quiz is tough (even though my marks will indicate otherwise!), most of the songs that I got were straight off the top of my head. So there is a possibility I haven't heard the ones I didn't get or they needed a bit more looking into! Very short and crisp writing - I liked the fact that your clue tried to focus on the obscure singer in question in most of the clues, because that is the entire point of the quiz. Also 25 clues seems short & nice and not impossible to attack. Ambrish - RMIMers, note the point made by Vandana !!! Thanks Vandana, (and Prince and Neeraj, as mentioned earlier) for reinforcing my point that the quiz only looks difficult, but is not really so. Thanks also for the kind words. ========================================================================= VIJAYKUMAR - Some popular songs by infrequent singers which got left out - "aaI zanjeer ki jhankaar" (Qabban Mirza), "geet gaaya pattharo.n ne" (kishori amonkar), "aap jaisa koi" (Nazia Hassan), "aaj gaavat man mero" (bhimsen joshi), "dekho maane nahii.n" (Jagmohan Bakshi), "ae dil kahaan terii manzil" (Dwijen Mukherjee) "prem jogan banke" (Bade Ghulam Ali Khan) and so on and so forth. Anyway a nicely intriguing quiz which, if it did nothing else, prompted me to buy a Sardari Begum CD, which was a good thing. Ambrish - Yep, the quiz does not cover many other lesser known singers. Apart from those mentioned by you, I was thinking of Usha Timothy, Shyama Chittar, P.Suseela, and Aziz Nazan, to name a few. ========================================================================= VISH KRISHNAN - Looked at your quiz, and it is way past my sphere of awareness. Even songs I know about (SARDAARI BEGUM etc.) I will need to look up. Looked quite tough. I have little knowledge of songs by Anup Ghosal and contemporaries. Ambrish - Despite his tight schedule (the West Coast RMIM Meet and other personal reasons), Vish kindly sent in his feedback and some comments. The effort is appreciated. One thing - For the recent West Coast RMIM Meet, Vish compiled songs with the same theme as that of this RJGK. Interesting coincidence, I thought. Interesting approach here. In perhaps 3 clues, you give the movie name away as opposed to "bounding" the clue in some way. I am referring to TAQDEER, FASHION and I think DHOLAK (not sure about the last one, but since Sulochana Kadam was seems to be a Shyam Sunder favourite, I think you are referring to her duet with Rafi). ========================================================================= To me, personally, this was the most interesting set of comments sent in, reflecting the author's wonderful sense of humor. I think this forms the icing on the cake. Roopa Dhawan and her team are hereby awarded the "SAMEEKSHA SWARNA PADAK" for RJGK-48. TAALIYAAN, bhaaiyon aur behnon !!! ROOPA, SALEEM, AND SANJU - I both liked and disliked this quiz for the following schizophrenic reasons: 1. It was difficult and therefore challenging; on the other hand, it was too difficult. 2. There were lots of interesting hints to research; on the other hand, there were too many hints to research. 3. I was reminded of many lesser known singers; on the other hand, I was reminded of singers I'd much rather forget. 4. I was reminded of films and actors I'd forgotten; on the other hand, I was reminded of...Arun Govil. [While on this subject, I might tell you, that in the process of trying to remember this song, I sent an E-mail to Saleem, asking if he could remember Arun Govil's first film. Here's the reply I got: "How DARE you expect me to remember who Arun Govil is?" 5. I listened to the songs of Rudaali; on the other hand, I listened to the songs of Hum Aapke Hain Kaun. 6. The deadline extension helped me find a few more songs; on the other hand, it deprived me of the one excuse I had: lack of time. 6. The quiz drove me crazy; on the other hand, the quiz drove me crazy! Having said all this, thanks for a tough and immensely enjoyable quiz. I particularly liked the variety in the hints you provided. There were all sorts of interesting snippets of information, which went beyond simply listing dates, films, MDs and suchlike. Ambrish - "Main awaak hoon" !!! :-) ========================================================================== The answers and results follow. ======================================================================= Here we go, with the answers and the results to RJGK - 48. 1. Kaise bhool paaoongi, main baba Suni jo tumse, kahaaniyaan ChhoD chali aangan main maiyyaa, Bachpan ki, nishaaniyaan Sun meri pyaari behanaa, sajaaye rehnaa Ke Babul ki gali Let's begin with a movie that must be pretty fresh in our memories. Raam-Laxman combined to give chart-busting music for this 1990s mega-blockbuster. The song in this question was sung by a singer whose first name is the same as that of the singer of "Titli uDi, Ud jo chali" from "Suraj". SONG : Babul Jo Tumne Sikhaayaa FILM : Hum Aapke Hain Kaun MD : Raam-Laxman LYRICIST : Ravinder Rawail SINGER(s) : Sharda Sinha ROOPA - For the longest time I thought this might be a song from Aap Hamaare Hain Kaun... oops, I mean Ham Aapke Hain Kaun. I ended up having to listen to all the awful songs from that film. I'll never forgive you for that. - It *IS* from Hum Aapke Hain Kaun. How did you miss it? VIJAYKUMAR - I know the song appears just as 'babul' on the sleeve. Not interested enough in HAHK type music to listen and figure out the entire mukha.Da 2. Khudaa ki meherbaani hai Ke achhe hain magar Gham hai Khudaa ne meherbaani ki Sanam karte to achhe thhaa A critically acclaimed movie of recent times, it had music by veteran Vanraj Bhatia. Javed Akhtar penned the lyrics to this song whose singer was discussed recently in RMIM. The other name that was discussed in this context was that of Shubha Joshi who has also sung in this movie. SONG : Huzoor Itnaa Agar Hum Par Karam Karte To Achhaa Thhaa FILM : Sardari Begum MD : Vanraj Bhatia LYRICIST : Javed Akhtar SINGER(s) : Aarti Ankalikar SURAJIT BOSE - I'm a fan of Vanraj Bhatia's, and I like Aarti Anklikar as a classical singer. But I found SARDARI BEGUM a disappointing soundtrack. I don't think thumri is Aarti Anklikar's forte--her voice culture needs work and she doesn't communicate emotion effectively. And the compositions themselves were not too impressive from a classical or light classical standpoint. - Surajit, I know that you are only expressing your personal opinion here. I don't mean to ruffle any feathers here. Film music, imho, does not have to meet all the parameters of classical or any other form of music. But I think we on RMIM (and I am guilty of this too) sometimes peel too many onions. I think in our passion for music, we sometimes tend to over-analyze a film song, forgetting that it is a film song, not a classical or a light classical or any other type of song. Just a simple plain film song, nothing more, nothing less. Film songs, as I understand it, are supposed to bring music down to the level where even a listener with no musical background or knowledge can enjoy it. On that account, I think Sardari Begum is a very appealing soundtrack. Judging it simply as a compilation of film songs, I personally liked the music in Sardari Begum. Of course, personal likes and dislikes are subjective and each to himself/herself. TABASSUM - I have seen this movie and liked the songs 3. Jaanoon jaanoon jhooThe maahi ki jaat Kin sautan sang tum kaati raat Ab lipaTi lipaTi banaao na batiyaan The song has a sister singing for an MD brother. But who is this Satyasheel Deshpande who has sung this duet with her? SONG : JhooThe Nainaa Bole Saanchi Batiyaan FILM : Lekin MD : Hridaynath Mangeshkar LYRICIST : Gulzar SINGER(s) : Asha Bhosle and Satyasheel Deshpande AFZAL - A nice raag-based song (Bilaskhani Todi perhaps). But I thought the MD made it unnecessarily complex in presentation. ROOPA - Lovely lovely song, and lovely raag, bilaaskhaani todi. SURAJIT BOSE - He is a shaagird of Kumar Gandharva; he is also a music archivist at the NCPA in Bombay. "niike ghuu.Nghariiyaa, Thumakata chaal chalata" is a well-known Bilaskhani Todi vilambit ba.ndish, but "jhuuThe nainaa bole" is Hridaynath's own. Satyasheel Deshpande and Asha Bhosle have an earlier duet for Ajit Varman: "man aana.nd aana.nd chhaayo" from VIJETA. - Thanks for the additional info on Satyasheel Deshpande, Surajit. 4. Jee ko behelaa liyaa Toone aas niraas kaa khel kiyaa Chaar dinon mein koi jiyaa na jiyaa Zehar ye saans kaa piyaa na piyaa Add this song to the list of songs where the MD, who is a former recipient of the Dadasaheb Phalke award, and singer are the same. Incidentally, apart from this version, this song has two other versions, one each by Lata and Asha, Not a very common occurance of three or more tandem versions of the same song in a film. SONG : Samay O Dheere Chalo FILM : Rudaali MD : Bhupen Hazarika LYRICIST : Gulzar SINGER(s) : Bhupen Hazarika SNEHAL - I must admit I don't know this. This is thanks to Satish Subramanian (his page). SURAJIT - If you ask me, his score for the much earlier AAROP ("naino me.n da^rpaN hai, da^rpaN me.n koii") was far superior to the lackluster, miserably sung (by all three!), techno-pseud music of RUDAALI. - Wow, strong words that !!! Personally I liked "Dil Hoom Hoom Kare" more than Samay O Dheere Chalo. But then, I like Bhupen Hazarika's original Assamese composition "Bisteerna Parore" and "Vistaar apaar kare haahaakaar" (I heard Bhupen Hazarika singing this song on a Doordarshan programme some years back) even more than "Dil Hoom Hoom Kare". TABASSUM - This film has 3 version of this song & 2 version of "dil hum hum" which is quite uncommon and third song of movie "joothe moote mitwa awan bole" is quite good. 5. Sajnaa ke ghar tu jaayegi Yaad hamein teri aayegi Jaake piyaa ke des mein na, humko bhulaanaa Aankh babul teri kyoon bhar aayee Betiyaan to, hotee hain paraayee Ab rahegi ye saiyyaanjee ke saath Ke Dhol bajaao jee "Mirror" mirror on the wall Is this singer related to the film-maker at all? I think yes. That may be the reason why Dilip Sen-Samir Sen had to use her services for this song. SONG : Meri Banno Ki Aayegi Baraat Ke Dhol Bajaao Jee FILM : Aainaa MD : Dilip Sen-Samir Sen LYRICIST : Sameer SINGER(s) : Pamela Chopra and Chorus AFZAL - Above average performances from both Amrita Singh and Juhi Chawla. One observation about Pamela Chopra - To my limited knowledge, she seems to specialize in "marriage" songs. Another lesser-known Pamela Chopra song that I can recall is - Moraa Bannaa Dulhan Leke Aayaa" from Faasle (sung along with Shobha Gurtu and Chorus, MD - Shiv-Hari). 6. Singer - Maathhe pe chandaa ki, bindiyaa lagaa doon Chorus - Haan haan bindiyaa lagaa doon maathhe bindiyaa lagaa doon Singer - Akhiyon mein badara kaa kajraa sajaa doon Chorus - Haan haan kajraa sajaa doon nainaa kajraa sajaa doon Singer - Phoolon ke ras mein chunari rangaa ke Gale pehanaa doon, gale pehanaa doon yeh chandrahaar To raajaa luT jaayenge We must offer "homage" to the Mangeshkar family for their contributions to Indian cinema. The MD here is the son of one of the sisters in the Mangeshkar family while the singer has made a mark outside Hindi film music!!! SONG : Saiyyaan Doli Leke Aaye Tere Dwaar FILM : Shraddhanjali MD : Hemant Bhosle LYRICIST : Anjaan SINGER(s) : Shobha Gurtu and Chorus A-HA - Some Hemant Bhosle MD'ed vague song VANDANA VENKATESAN - Is the MD Hemant Bhosle? Can't recognize film or song! 7. ChhoDaa na pallo kiye sau sau jatan Thar thar thar thar thar moraa kaaanpe badan Jab who samjhaa naheen meeTHi boli meri Gaali deke kahaa de de choli meri Wo na maanaa raam wo na maanaa Julmi wo na maanaa wo na maanaa Wo na maanaa to boli main haari Kahaa usne gale lag jaa pyaari The Madan Mohan-Lata magic is well known to Hindi film music afficionados. Apart from the singer of this solo, Madan Mohan has "cook"ed up tunes for other not-so-famous Hindi film music singers like Nirmala Devi, Laxmi Shankar, and Harindranath Chattopadhyay for this movie. SONG : Pahle Chori Phir Seenajori FILM : Baawarchi MD : Madan Mohan LYRICIST : Kaifi Azmi SINGER(s) : Kumari Faiyyaz SURAJIT BOSE - Fayyaz shows up to much better advantage in Jaidev's ALAAP ("aaii ^Rtu saavan kii, piyaa moraa jaa"), and she is extremely well-known as a naaTyasa.ngiit exponent in Maharashtra. IIRC, "pahale chorii phir siinaajorii" doesn't even show up in BAWARCHI except fragmentarily. -Personally, I did not like this song at all. I liked the Nirmala Devi, Laxmi Shankar, Harindranath Chattopadhyay, and Kishore Kumar rendered "Bhor Aayi Gayaa Andheraa" and Laxmi Shankar's "Kaahe Kaanhaa Karat Barjori" better. 8. Nazron kaa ishaaraa dhokhaa thhaa Baaton kaa sahaaraa dhokhaa thha (2) Ab Gham mein dil doobe lekin Majdhaar se naataa toote naa The 70s saw the emergence of (to make use of the oft-repeated cliché) the angry-young man, Amitabh. Action-based potboilers got a stranglehold over Indian cinema. Nevertheless, there were a few film-makers who continued to make movies with simple clean themes, and with good success too. Rajkamal MDs one such film which introduced the future Ram of the small-screen to cine-goers. I have a feeling that the singer of this song is the same as the person who sang the Ramayan tele-serial song(s). Could somebody let me know if this is correct? SONG : Patthar Se Sheeshaa Takraake FILM : Saawan Ko Aane Do MD : Rajkamal LYRICIST : Fauq Jami SINGER(s) : C. Anand Kumar AFZAL - Cannot recall although the reference to Arun Govil is quite clear. - I repeat my question for all RMIMers. I have a feeling that the same Anand Kumar also sang the Ramayan tele-serial song(s). Is this correct? 9. Male - Chaandi kaa is par khol chaaDhaa do Kid - Chaandi ke isko pankh lagaa do Female 1 - Chaandi waalon socho itnaa Dhele ki gudiyaa kharchaa kitnaa Female 2 - Chaandi rakho ghar mein apne (2) Aur na dekho jhooThe sapne Kid - Chaandi kaa tota Female 1 & 2 - Naheen udaa hai naheen udegaa This movie from parallel Hindi cinema (as some people refer to the genre), starring a Bengali super-star hero, had music by an ex-assistant to Dada Burman. One of the female voices in this song hit the heights of popularity with an English song (MD - Rajesh Roshan) in another film of the 70s. SONG : Khotaa Paisaa Naheen Chalegaa FILM : Dooriyaan MD : Jaidev LYRICIST : Sudarshan Faakir SINGER(s) : Preeti Saagar, Renu Mukherjee, K.N.Sharma, Baby Geeta, and Chorus A-HA - To borrow Ashok's response to a S-J song in an old RJGK - "Was this necessary ?" ;) ARUNABHA - A mediocre song, it does not have any redeeming feature. It certainly does not reflect the style or capabilities of Jaidev , even minimally. It may be the worst song he ever composed. If the aim was to showcase Preeti Sagar, there are a couple of good songs from Vanraj Bhatia MD'ed films. And certainly the lyrics of this song are not the strong point. It is not clear that there is any reason to include this song except that it is so unforgettable that maybe people will miss it. Or maybe the aim was to include Ranu Mukherji in the scheme of things ? Has she sung nothing better than this ? As far as I'm concerned , if such songs are rarely heard, it's for the better. - The aim was to highlight the voices of Renu Mukherjee, K.N.Sharma, and Baby Geeta. As mentioned in my introduction to the quiz, the quiz was not meant to highlight the individual styles and capabilities of the MDs. It was only meant to highlight the usage of some lesser known voices, and there again, there was no claim that all the songs in the quiz are masterpieces by the MDs in question. SNEHAL - Only thing I make out is MD is Basu Manohari, one of the singer is Preeti Saagar. Incidentally her father would also qualify for this quiz. - As you may have realized Snehal, not Basu Manohari but Jaidev. SURAJIT - Preeti Sagar, Ranu Mukherjee, K N Sharma [who's he?] and an uncredited Baby Geeta. Lively song--"khoTaa paisaa nahii.n chalegaa." DOOORIYAN. Yes, with three "o"s. 10. Ghodaa pahunchhaa chauk mein Chauk mein thhaa naai Ghode jeee kee naai ne hajaamat jo banaai Tak bak tak bak tak bak tak bak This star of today, famous for her not-so-"innocent" roles today, was one of the central characters of this film. The oft discussed song from this film is a tandem, with Lata singing one version, and Anup Ghoshal, another less frequently heard artiste in Hindi cinema, rendering the other version. SONG : Lakdi Ki KaaThi KaaThi Pe GhoDaa FILM : Maasoom MD : R.D.Burman LYRICIST : Gulzar SINGER(s) : Vanita Misra, Gurpreet Kaur, and Gauri Bapat AFZAL KHAN - Despite the latter day "sexploitation" of Urmila, there is an ingrained trace of innocence in her face and eyes. A good talent being wasted. The film had a great Ghazal "Huzoor is qadar bhi na itra ke chaliye". Wonderful performances from Naseer and Shabaana. - Agree with you about the performances in Masoom. I would like to add that everybody in the movie jelled together wonderfully. In addition to Naseer and Shabana, I also liked Supriya Pathak and Saeed Jaafrey's sensitive performances. ARUNABHA - I remember when we had the performing arts festival (or PAF as it is abbreviatedly called) at IIT one hostel had featured a dance set to this song. At that time they were running around the hostel scouting for the shortest freshman students who could be respectably passed off as kiddies. The songs was a hit at the PAF :) HEMA - I could have never imagined that this song would feature on this theme. :) SURAJIT BOSE - Didn't this just show up in Hema's Kid songs quiz? 11. Male 1 - Soorat hai bandar ki phir bhi lagti hai albeli (2) Kaisaa Raajaa Bhoj banaa hai meraa Gangu teli Male 2 - Kyaa, Gangu teli Tum langoti waalaa na badlaa hai naa badlegaa Tum sab kaalaa log kaa kismat, hum saalaa badlegaa (Sound of throat clearing) Seenaa dekho kaisaa tan gayaa A loud song from the elder Burman, otherwise known for some very sweet music. IMHO, this song was composed when he was on his decline. Incidentally, the film also has the past-his-prime one-time tragic super-star hero. SONG : Saalaa Main To Saahab Ban Gayaa FILM : Sagina MD : S.D.Burman LYRICIST : Majrooh Sultanpuri SINGER(s) : Kishore Kumar and Pankaj Mitra AFZAL KHAN - An offbeat film from the mid-seventies. It was the favourite song of a well-known RMIMer, when that person was barely one year old. A case of "coming events casting their shadow beforehand", perhaps ? - Very intriguing indeed. May I ask who this RMIMer is? SAMI - I beg to differ with you reg. this song. IMHO, it's a great tune for the lyrics and KK has sung it extremely well. - I will try and watch this movie and listen to this song again. Maybe, it will grow on me. SURAJIT BOSE - Don't remember who the non-KK singer is. [It might be Shankar Dasgupta.] - Pankaj Mitra. Any idea, RMIMers, about Pankaj Mitra? 12. Male - Der se samjhaa, humko zamaanaa Female - Shukr karo ke samajh to gayaa Male - Sang rehne kaa khwaab suhaanaa Female - Banke haqeeqat such ho gayaa Male - Tum jo kaho to, mehfil se keh dein Tum jo kaho to saaree mehfil se keh dein Pal bhar mein mashhoor afsaanaa ho jaaye An MD who often wrote his own lyrics. He is known to have encouraged young and talented singers in the 70s. This song features the voices of Yesudas, Hemlata, and Bansree Sengupta. SONG : Khushiyaan Hi Khushiyaan Ho Daaman Mein Jiske FILM : Dulhan Wohi Jo Piyaa Man Bhaaye MD : Ravindra Jain LYRICIST : Ravindra Jain SINGER(s) : K.J.Jesudoss, Hemlata, and Bansree Sengupta SURAJIT BOSE - The Bansree Sengupta clue gave it away. - Actually, till I read the credits, I didn't even know that Bansree Sengupta had sung it along with Jesudoss and Hemlata. Apparently (going by your comment), Bansree Sengupta is a fairly well-known name, but I have no idea about her. Could some RMIMer give us some more info on her please? 13. Female - Naam lekar kabhi ik baar pukaaraa hotaa Teri aawaaz kaa kuchh humko saharaa hotaa Manhar - Meri khamoshi bhi aawaaz diyaa karti hai Baat munh se naheen, nazron se huaa kartee hai Female - JhooTh Manhar - Yoon bhi hoti hai mulaaqaat Tumhein kyaa maaloom Female - Tumhi rehte ho mere saath Tumhein kyaa maaloom I was surprised to find that the female voice, in this duet with Manhar, is of a very popular and successful actress of the 50's and 60's. This actress made an unsuccessful comeback attempt some years back in an Anil Kapoor - Madhuri Dikshit starrer. The MD duo, who were one time assistants to Hemant Kumar, wield the baton in this relatively obscure movie. SONG : Mere Mehboob Meri Baat Tumhein Kyaa Maaloom FILM : Lalkaar MD : Kalyanji-Anandji LYRICIST : SINGER(s) : Manhar and Mala Sinha AFZAL KHAN - Here the reference seems to be to Mala Sinha, who did have a fairly good singing voice. But cannot recall the song. - I found the tape for this vague movie on my last trip to India. What caught my eye was Mala Sinha's name as the singer of this song and I picked it up immediately. I must confess that I was pleasantly surprised by Mala Sinha's singing voice. Pretty decent. Afzal, your comment suggests that Mala Sinha has sung other film songs too. Could you list out some (if not all) of these songs? SNEHAL - Don't know this song. Is it from Vishwas ? The film composed by KA that gave Manhar his break. VANDANA VENKATESAN - Some Kalyanji Anandji movie obviously, he used Manhar quite often 14. Sadat Khan - Tum mere dil mein meri aankhon mein ho Tum mere khwaabon meri aahon mein ho Door rehkar bhi judaa honge na hum, ae sanam A man with a reputation for eccentricity and a headstrong attitude, his fans nevertheless consider this MD a genius. Featuring the voices of Rafi, Manna Dey, and Sadat Khan, this song has a very catchy tune that seems to cater to a plethora of moods. SONG : Phir Tumhaari Yaad Aayi Ae Sanam FILM : Rustom Sohrab MD : Sajjad Hussain LYRICIST : Qamar Jalalabadi SINGER(s) : Md. Rafi, Manna Dey, Sadat Khan, and Chorus AFZAL KHAN - Sajjad Husain's last significant film. Another great song from this film was "Ai dilruba, nazreN mila...", a great blend of Indian classical music (Raag Kirwani, I think) and Arabian music tradition. "Maazandaraan...." was another notable song from this film, sung by Talat. - Who was the actor on whom "Maazandaraan..." was filmed? I saw "Rustom Sohrab" recently, but couldn't figure out the actor's name. I remember seeing him elsewhere too, but couldn't place him. ARUNABHA - But for the Sajjad clue I wouldn't have got this one :) Why is this song so popular on rmim ? SURAJIT BOSE - Great song. VANDANA VENKATESAN - The best song in the quiz (of course amongst the ones that I could recognize). what synergy between the singers!! We have so many examples of duets/triplets with female singers which exhibit such synergy but very few male duets/triplets. - Arunabha, there's the answer to your question. I couldn't have said it any better. 15. Male - Khilti hai jaise kali see Hogi zabaan totli see Female - Khilti hai jaise kali see Hogi zabaan totli see Female - Paapaa ho maamaa ho baabaa Paklenge hum chaand taaraa I had to get this song in at any cost, for it features the voice of one of my favorite male singers from the South. A singer who always performed excellently within his range, he was very successful in South Indian films, but unfortunately did not do as well in Hindi films. The male singer was popular as the singing voice of artistes like Gemini Ganesan and Balaji in Tamil cinema. The Chitragupta - Rajinder Krishan combination at work here. The song has a Tamil version (and probably a Telegu version) too. SONG : Chandaa Se Hogaa Who Pyaaraa FILM : Main Bhi Ladki Hoon MD : Chitragupta LYRICIST : Rajinder Krishan SINGER(s) : Lata Mangeshkar and P.B.Sreenivos AFZAL KHAN - The well-known Telugu actor S. V. Ranga Rao played a nice cameo as the kindly father-in-law of Meena Kumari. BALAJI - PBS sang the Telugu version too (film:naadi aa.Da janmE), AFAIR. The Tamil version (in naanum oru peNN) was by TMS I think. And as it's been discussed on RMIM earlier, PBS was easily most successful in Kannada, though originally hailing from Andhra. - The Tamil version was by PBS too. The movie, as you rightly pointed out, was AVM's "Naanum Oru Penn". SNEHAL - Lovely song. I haven't heard much of PBS, his voice is good. SURAJIT BOSE - I support my local PBS station too. - Hey, hey, treading dangerous territory, are we? 16. Rafi - Dene waale tune yeh ghar Khushiyon se bhar daalaa Female - Teri dayaa ne pal mein daataa Kyaa se kyaa kar daalaa Rafi - Tu sabse baDaa hai daani Female - Teri leela kisne jaani Rafi - Jag soch soch gayaa haar Another very well-known assistant of Hemant Kumar, this MD also created a niche for himself. It was a toss up between this song and the MD himself singing in Ek Phool Do Maali (Kismat Ke Khel Niraale Mere Bhaiyya). No specific reason for including one and excluding the other. Just a whim. Another song featuring this MDs voice, along with Rafi and Deven Varma, is Aaj mere yaar ki shaadi hai (Aadmi Sadak Kaa - a 1977 movie). I just cut it out from the quiz at the last moment, as there seemed to be enough songs from the 70s. SONG : Ajab Teri Kaarigari Re Kartaar FILM : Dus Lakh MD : Ravi LYRICIST : Prem Dhawan SINGER(s) : Md. Rafi, Krishna Kalle, and Chorus SURAJIT BOSE - I don't know which song this is, but it's really odd that the sub-clues all point to negatives--"This is not from Ek Phool Do Mali, and this is not from Aadmi Sadak ka." Hardly very helpful.... :-) TABASSUM - Lyrics sounds familiar but not getting tune somehow, just making a random guess base on MD name. VIJAYKUMAR - your additional clue, is, sadly, no clue to the song itself. Just more info about the MD. - Agree with Surajit and Vijaykumar. This is a rare occasion in the quiz, where the sub-clue did not give much information about the song or the movie. Apologies. 17. Arre chhoDo kalam chalaao mat kavitaa kee chaaki Ghar kee rokaD dekho kitne paise baaki Arre kitna ghar mein ghee hai kitnaa garam masaalaa Kitne paapaD baDee mangoDi mirch masaalaa Kitna tel non mirchi haldi aur dhaniyaa Kaviraajaa chupke se tum ban jaao baniyaa A very different "song" from a couple of perspectives - It is not really a song, as it is more like a poem being recited. But though there is no tune, there is percussion support (somewhat like rap music, although this is a bad comparison). There are no other musical instruments (stringed or wind or anything else) used. Secondly, a rare example of a "singing lyricist". We have heard of "singing MDs" (the MD of this film too sometimes sang his own compositions) and MDs who are lyricists too. Here is a man known for his lyrical skills, especially his usage of shuddh Hindi, singing/reciting his own words. He also seems to have a good working relationship with V.Shantaram, the maker of this film, for he wrote quite a few songs for some of his other movies too. SONG : Are Kaviraaja Kavitaa Ke Mat Ab Kaan MaroDo FILM : Navrang MD : C.Ramchandra LYRICIST : Bharat Vyas SINGER(s) : Bharat Vyas AFZAL KHAN - "Navrang". A film that was a tad too "colourful". I always thought it to be a rather "pseudo" film. SNEHAL - Bharat Vyas has really *sung* (unlike just recital here) in Man Ki Jeet MD S K Pal with Shanta Mathur. Forgot the song now, as not heard it for long long time but a nice song. One song from the film that I remember is 'Nagri Meri Kab Tak Yunhi(?) Barbaad Rahegi' by (IIRC) Sitara Kanpuri Other singing lyricist example I came across is G S Kashyap. Forgot the film (some real obscure film and equally obscure song, a duet in reality). One prominent person in this category is Falke award winner Pradeep ji. TABASSUM - In one of the interview( Famous "Phool khile hain gulshan gulshan" on DD) Bharat Vyas had said that once during his struggle period he had to walked from churchgate to matunga (6-7 miles) and on his way he wrote this song. VIJAYKUMAR - Anand Bakshi sang a song in the film "mom kii gu.Diyaa". also, the scene in Pyaasa where there are several 'shayar's sitting and reciting their poetry has the lyricists themselves singing (both on screen and on tape). One such 'song' which features in the Pyaasa casette is 'ruudaad-e-gham-e-dil'. I believe the poet is Majaz. Kaifi Azmi appeared in one film...forget which it was. He appears as a poet. I am not sure if he gets to sing or recite his work in the film. Of course one is not talking of lyricist-singers Pradeep and Kishore Kumar who did one of singing and song writing often enough, and the other very frequently to have a non-zero overlap. 18. Hum zehar to khaa lete un bin Khanjar bhee chalaa lete lekin Na ho unko khabar to haaye sitam Na idhar ke rahe na udhar ke rahe Do you "wish" to know the name of the film? Well, if I said "Chhalke teri aankhon se sharaab aur ziyaadaa", you would immediately conjure up images of Rajendra Kumar trying to woo Sadhana, to the tune of Shankar-Jaikishen. But then, apart from identical film names, I don't know of any other similarity between the film in question here and the Rajendra Kumar - Sadhna starrer. Here, it is the maestro Anil Biswas singing his own tune to the words of Majrooh. A cute and hummable song, imho. SONG : Humein Maar Chalaa Yeh Khayaal Yeh Gham FILM : Aarzoo MD : Anil Biswas LYRICIST : Majrooh Sultanpuri SINGER(s) : Anil Biswas AFZAL KHAN - The clues about the title of the film are too obvious. This is Anil Biswas himself singing for Gope. It is noteworthy that comedians like Gope did not stoop to vulgarity to evoke laughter. His other songs also come to mind, like "Mere piyaa gaye Rangoon", "Honululu" and "Haseena sambhal sambhal ke chal". A-HA - I like the description of R.Kumar :) - If you noticed, I had dropped this description in my reposts (I realized I didn't want to hurt any sentiments). TABASSUM - This was mentioned recently in ATMJH series. 19. Rim jhim rim jhim boondiyaan barase ChhiDi pyaar ki baatein MeeThee meeThee aag mein Sulgee kitnee hee barsaatein Rim jhim .... Jaam boojh ke dil deewaanaa BaiThaa rog lagaay In his discovery process for less heard voices of Hindi film music, the "traveler" has gone back in time to the 50s. Here he is pleasantly surprised to find none other than the tragedy-king, singing along with Lata in this duet, the music for which was composed by Salil Chowdhury. SONG : Laagi Naahin Chhote Raamaa FILM : Musaafir MD : Salil Chowdhury LYRICIST : Shailendra SINGER(s) : Lata Mangeshkar and Dilip Kumar AFZAL KHAN - This is from Hrishikesh Mukherjee's "Musaafir" - A multi-starrer which was a disaster at the box-office. ARUNABHA - When I first heard this song I was not impressed by it. My initial comments were going to be a tirade against the use of actors who can't sing in film songs. But then I decided to listen to it once more before writing on rmim . Actually Dilip Kumar does quite a remarkable job here. I almost am tempted to think someone does the difficult parts like the taans in "madhuban me.n raadhikaa". Which raag is the song based in ? - I don't quite get you when you say, "someone does the difficult parts like the taans in "madhuban me.n raadhikaa". Are you suggesting that in reality nobody really rendered the taans, they are just a creation of an audio system wizard? Could you elaborate a bit, please? HEMA - Is it really by Dilip Kumar? I thought it was a duet by Talat and Lata. Or is it some other song that starts with the same words? - So now we have, Chitalkar who sounds like Talat, Talat who sounds like Chitalkar, Dilip Kumar who sounds like Talat etc. etc. Just kidding. SURAJIT BOSE - Dilip Kumar actually sounds quite passable. - For a "bathroom singer" like me, Dilip Kumar sounds more than passable. TABASSUM - I have same vague memory of this song as Dilip playing violin and sitting under window of guest house where Usha Kiran is staying. _________________________________________________________________ 20. Phool khile kaliyaan sharmaayeen Rut mastee kee aa gayee Rut aa gayee Neele neele ambar par Bin poochhe badli chhaa gayee O Chhaa gayee Khilaa hai khushiyon kaa baazaar Karenge nainon karobaar Aise mein haule haule haule haule aa Starting with the beats of the "Dholak", this song progresses smoothly to a very catchy tune. I like the way "Aise mein haule haule haule haule aa" goes. While the female singer sings a notch higher, the male sings in a more base voice. Lovely composition by Shyam Sunder. SONG : Mausam Aayaa Hain Rangeen FILM : Dholak MD : Shyam Sunder LYRICIST : Aziz Kashmiri SINGER(s) : Sulochana Kadam, Batra, and Chorus BALAJI - I would be hesitant to include Sulochana Kadam in this list. Otherwise, S.D.Batish too needs to be in this quiz. SNEHAL - Both singers were "known" singer in early 1950s. But today (in late 1998) I won't question the selection. A very catchy song, nevertheless. - The idea was to highlight the relatively lesser known voice of Satish Batra, not that of Sulochana Kadam. I really haven't heard a lot of his output, and just went by my limited knowledge. SURAJIT BOSE - Why give away the movie's name? i agree with you about the wonderfulness of "aise me.n haule haule haule haule aa." - Even with the giveaway, not everybody was able to come up with the correct answer. 21. Gir gir ke museebaat mein sambhalte hee rahenge Jal jaayein magar aag pe chalte hee rahenge Gham jisne diye Gham jisne diye hai wohi gham door karegaa A rare occurance of a song featuring the voices of three sisters. The team of Naushad and Shakeel Badayuni .... need I say more? SONG : Duniyaa Mein Hum Aayein Hain To Jeenaa Hee PaDegaa FILM : Mother India MD : Naushad LYRICIST : Shakeel Badayuni SINGER(s) : Lata Mangeshkar, Usha Mangeshkar, and Meena Mangeshkar AFZAL KHAN - Despite Mehboob Khan's direction and a great performance by Nargis, I always thought the movie was much too morbid. By contrast, I thought Dilip's "Gunga Jamuna" was a much more "watchable" movie. ASHOK - The Mother India song doesn't highlight the voice of Meena at all. There is one song that does. It is in the Husnlal-Bhagatram double cassette; a lovely duet with Rafi and Meena M from a film called 'Farmaayish': aap ne chheen liyaa dil ise kyaa kehte hai.n, aji saahab ise dilvaale adaa kehte hai.n" SAMI - Ah, Naushad! SURAJIT BOSE - i think that in terms of highlighting her voice, the song aap ne chhiin liyaa dil" would have been a better choice--in "duniyaa me.n," her voice is always only in unison with Usha's. TABASSUM - You know people will find it anyway thats why you gave name of Naushad & Shakeel :-) - In response to Ashok's and Surajit's suggestion about the Farmaayish song - You do bring out a valid point. The reasons why I didn't include this song were - One, I don't have a copy of the song. Two, I did not want to repeat any MD. Having decided to include Husnalal-Bhagatram's composition from BaDi Bahen, I let this one go by. Three, I wanted to keep the average level of difficulty of the quiz. The Farmaayish song, imho, is more difficult than the Mother India one. 22. Masjid mein mandiron mein Parvat ke kankaron mein Nadiyon ki paaniyon mein Gehre samundaron mein Leheraa rahaa hai wohi (2) Khud apne baankpan mein A simple tune (MD - Pankaj Mallik) and simple lyrics (Pt. Madhur). The opening lines of the song remind the believer that God is not external to him/her, but is in his/her heart. SONG : Tu DhoonDhtaa Hai Jisko FILM : Yatrik MD : Pankaj Mullick LYRICIST : Pt. Madhur SINGER(s) : Dhananjay Bhattacharya AFZAL KHAN - IIRC, this obscure film starred Sajjan and Nimmi. She was a pati-vrata, who had to cope with her husband's neglect. Bipin Gupta, a veteran Bengali character actor was also in the cast. I remember him because of his deep resonant voice. In the film "Teen Bahuraniyan", released in 1968, the late Prithviraj Kapoor played the father-in-law of the three "bahus". Since he had lost his voice by then, due to throat cancer, it was Bipin Gupta whose voice was used instead. SNEHAL - A great soundtrack. Is there any recent release ? In 1970s EMI came out with Yattrik LP but afterwards it has remained out of reach. - No idea if there is a recent release. But this song figures in the last tape of the HMV 4-cassette collection - VINTAGE HITS FROM FILMS - Vol. 3 (1949 - 1952) TABASSUM - The only film of Punkaj Mullick as MD I know is "My sister" and this one doesnt seems to be from that movie. VANDANA VENKATESAN - i have a feeling this is a very famous song 23. Hemant Kumar - Bikhraa huaa yahaan Savitri kaa noor hai Bela Mukherjee - Savitri kaa noor hai Hemant Kumar - Is maati mein ramaa huaa ha Sitaji ka sindoor hai Bela Mukherjee - Sitaji kaa sindoor hai Hemant Kumar - Desh ke jawaanon (2) O Fashion ke deewaanon Koi baat puraanee maano Apne sej ko paraayee naar se kabhi sajanaa naa An obscure movie, whose name occurs in the lines given above. Mded by Hemant Kumar himself, with lyrics by Bharat Vyas. SONG : Maati Ko Lajaanaa Naa FILM : Fashion MD : Hemant Kumar LYRICIST : Bharat Vyas SINGER(s) : Hemant Kumar and Bela Mukherjee SURAJIT BOSE - a song that's out of FASHION. - Great play with words, Surajit. 24. Saajan ki baat par gussaa jo aa gayaa Zulfon kaa baadal gaalon pe chhaa gayaa Ho gaalon pe chhaa aa gayaa Abhi abhi din thhaa abhi raat hai Great work by Husnalal Bhagatram. Excellent use of the harmonium. Lata and Premlata combine to give an everlasting melody. SONG : Chup Chup KhaDe Ho Zaroor Koi Baat Hai FILM : BaDi Bahen MD : Husnalal-Bhagatram LYRICIST : Rajinder Krishan SINGER(s) : Lata Mangeshkar and Premlata AFZAL KHAN - I think Suraiyya played the role of the sacrificing elder sister. Another great song "Chale jaana nahiN..". I simply love the opening musical notes of this latter song. TABASSUM - Just reading first line can easily remind the song. 25. Motilal - Tu phool kanwal main bhanwaraa Main panchhi hoon tu chandaa Shamshad - Dono ki ek hai duniyaa (2) Main teri hoon Motilal - mmm hmmm Tu meri hai main teraa Tu raani hai main raajaa (2) Shamshad - Aa jaa Aa jaa Not an easy one, I know. So here are the P-Stats - Rafiq Gaznavi (MD), Mahrool Quadri (lyrics), Taqdeer (film). SONG : O Jaanewaale Aajaa TaDpaanewaale Aajaa FILM : Taqdeer MD : Rafiq Gaznavi LYRICIST : Mahrool Quadri SINGER(s) : Shamshad Begum and Motilal AFZAL KHAN - Although I remember seeing the film, I cannot recall the song. First movie of Nargis. But I remember one sequence where Motilal buys all tickets of a theatre where Nargis was playing. He does so for days on stretch. SNEHAL (who guessed Jaljaa Jaljaa Patange) - Another guess. Wish I had Mehboob CD! - Another song that many could not figure out, despite the P-Stats. ========================================================================== AND NOW FOR THE RESULTS - SECOND RUNNERS UP - with a score of 18 out of 25 Balaji and Malini Vijaykumar FIRST RUNNERS UP - with a score of 20 out of 25 Tabassum WINNER - with a score of 22 out of 25 Roopa, Saleem, and Sanju Congratulations to all the participants, especially the winners. With this, it is now over to the compilers of the next RJGK. _________________________________________________________________